喬瑟夫自己一直納悶,為什麼IM後面要接tactics(戰術)這個字,好像用strategies(策略)比較帥氣一點…
至少中文講起來,「印象管理策略」就好像硬是比「印象管理戰術」帥氣那麼一些些。
不過仔細看看文獻,用tactic這個字是有文獻根據的。至少喬瑟夫的理解是這樣。如果讀者有深入的研究也歡迎提供意見。
Tedeschi & Melburg(1984)用兩個面相來區分印象管理:(1)strategic與tactical behavior;(2)assertive與defensive。
Tactical impression management is undertaken with clear and rather short-term objectives in mind... Strategic forms of impression management have the function of building reputational characteristics that serve the long-term interests o the individual (p. 33).
因為通常我們研究的IM都是落在Tedeschi & Melburg的tactical impression management分類中(e.g., entitlements, ingratiation, apologies, & self-handicapping),所以學者就漸漸的把tactical impression management轉化成現在熟悉的impression management tactics了。
所以,如果為了帥氣硬是把這些IM稱為impression management strategies,反而是不符合文獻傳統的呢…真有趣。
參考文獻:
Tedeschi, J.T., & Melburg, V. (1984). Impression management and influence in the organization. In S.B.
Bacharach & E.J. Lawler (Eds.) Research in the sociology of organizations: A research annual. Volume 3: The social psychological processes (pp. 31-58). Greenwich, CT: JAI.